DIABETES IN INDIA - STATISTICS
UNDERSTANDING DIABETES:
GLOBAL IMPACT, TRENDS, AND VIEWS FROM INDIA
What is diabetes?
Diabetes is a lifelong condition in which blood sugar levels are above normal due to the body's inability to produce enough insulin or use it correctly.
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Development of Diabetes |
Types of diabetes
Type 1 diabetes starts when the immune system mistakenly targets the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. This causes the body to produce little or no insulin.
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Type 1 Diabetes |
People with type 1
diabetes need daily insulin injections to keep their blood glucose levels
within normal ranges. They would not live without insulin.
Type 2 diabetes arises
from the body's cells not responding correctly to insulin, known as insulin
resistance. This reduces insulin's use, triggering the body to create more
insulin over time.
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Type 2 Diabetes |
It is the most common
type of diabetes, responsible for more than ninety percent of the cases worldwide.
Prediabetes refers to
higher-than-normal blood sugar levels, but not high enough to remain diabetic. It raises the chance of getting type 2 diabetes and other health problems.
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Prediabetes |
IDF DIABETES ATLAS 10TH EDITION, 2021
Diabetes affects an
estimated five hundred thirty-seven million adults aged twenty to seventy-nine
worldwide. The world's population is 7.9 billion, which includes 5.1 billion
adults aged twenty
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Worldwide Diabetes Statistics |
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS OF COUNTRIES
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| Worldwide Prevalence of Diabetes |
DIABETES IN SOUTH-EAST ASIA, 2021
One in eleven adults in Southeast Asia suffers from diabetes, with over ninety million cases identified. This number is expected to grow by sixty-nine percent, reaching one hundred fifty-two million by the year 2045. In 2021 alone, diabetes was responsible for seven hundred forty-seven thousand deaths in the region.
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Diabetes Prevalence in Southeast Asia |
India is responsible for one in every seven adults with diabetes worldwide. The number of diabetes cases in India increased from sixty-one point three million in 2011 to seventy-four point two million in 2021.
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Diabetes Cases in India (2011 vs 2021) |
TOP 5 COUNTRIES FOR NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITH DIABETES IN SOUTH-EAST ASIA
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Top 5 Countries in Southeast Asia |
DIABETES IN INDIA
According to the Indian
Council of Medical Research-India Diabetes (ICMR-INDIAB-17) study, one hundred
thirteen thousand forty-three people from all thirty-one states
and union territories, both urban and rural, participated, and a total of five
thousand nine hundred seventy-nine individuals were excluded from
the study between 2008 and 2020, and the results are offered in 2023.
Diabetes affects ten
thousand one hundred fifty-one out of one lakh seven thousand one hundred
nineteen people in India. And its prevalence is greatest in
urban areas compared to rural areas.
In India, four thousand
two hundred seventy-two out of thirty-one thousand five hundred sixty people
staying in urban areas have diabetes, equal to sixteen point four out of every
one hundred people. In rural areas, five thousand eight hundred
seventy-nine out of seventy-five thousand five hundred fifty-nine people
have diabetes, which equals to eight point nine out of every one hundred
people.
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Diabetes Prevalence in India |
Diabetes affects Four
thousand nine hundred seventy-eight out of forty-nine thousand seven hundred
six males
in India, which means Twelve point one out of one hundred males
have diabetes. While five thousand one hundred seventy-three out of fifty-seven
thousand four hundred thirteen females have diabetes, which means Ten
point seven out of one hundred females have diabetes, which is less
compared to males living in India.
However, thirty-four thousand one hundred twenty out of one hundred seven thousand one hundred nineteen people have a prediabetes condition, which indicates thirty-two point eight out of one hundred people have a risk of developing diabetes.
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| Risk of Developing Diabetes |
The prevalence of
diabetes varied by state, from 4.8% (one hundred fifty-four out of three
thousand four hundred twenty-one people in Uttar Pradesh)
to twenty-six-point four percent (eight hundred eighty-six of three thousand
seven hundred forty-four people in Goa), and prediabetes prevalence
ranged from 6.8% (two hundred thirty-six of four thousand fifty-three adults) to thirty-one-point three percent (one thousand two hundred forty of three
thousand nine hundred twenty-five people).
Diabetes
is most common in the southern and northern parts of India, with metropolitan
centers having a high prevalence throughout. The center and northeastern areas
have a lower prevalence.
The
prevalence of prediabetes is highest in India's central and northern areas and
lower in Punjab, Jharkhand, and some parts of the northeast.
The diabetes-to-prediabetes ratio is greater than or equal to 1:2 in Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Sikkim, and Uttar Pradesh.
The ratio is less than or equal to 1:1 in Chandigarh, Goa, Delhi, Kerala,
Mizoram, Puducherry, Punjab, and Tamil Nadu.
CONCLUSION
Diabetes
is a main global health issue affecting millions of individuals, with type 2
diabetes being the most common type. Its occurrence is affected by urbanization,
lifestyle changes, and genetic tendency. The rising occurrence of prediabetes
highlights the urgent need for preventative strategies to lower the risk of
progression to diabetes and its moments.
Diabetes has a very high occurrence in India, with large urban-rural and geographical differences. The growing occurrence highlights the need for targeted public health efforts, including education, early identification, and lifestyle changes, to effectively fight this epidemic. Cooperative efforts at the worldwide, national, and regional levels are required to address this long-term condition and its severe impact on health and society.
REFERENCE
- IDF Diabetes Atlas 2021 - 10th edition
- Metabolic non-communicable disease health report of India: the ICMR-INDIAB national cross-sectional study (ICMR-INDIAB-17)
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